Any physical location in an industrial facility harboring the…
Sometimes we encounter a diversity of instrument signal standards in…
One of the great benefits of digital technology is the ability to…
Control valves are subject to a number of common problems. This…
As described earlier in this chapter, calibration refers to the…
The term “grid” refers to the conductors and equipment…
Sample sizes of chemical substances are often measured in moles. One…
In the United States, the most common language used to program PLCs is…
Multiple accessories exist for pressure-sensing devices to function…
Light is known to interact with matter in very specific ways, which…
A quantitative PID tuning procedure is a step-by-step approach leading…
I remember first learning about the world-wide Internet, and wondering…
“Polyphase” means “many phases,” describing a…
A flow switch is one detecting the flow of some fluid through a pipe.…
There are multiple motives for compromising the security of an…
A great many chemical composition measurements may be made indirectly…
As previously defined, calibration refers to the checking and…
Like so many other industrial data networks, FOUNDATION Fieldbus is an…
It is often useful to express the amplitude of an alternating quantity…
A special type flowmeter suited for powdered or granular solids is the…
An extremely important topic in engineering is that of transfer…
Circuit breakers are the “final control elements” of the…
(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
A fundamental principle in instrumentation system troubleshooting is…
A special type flowmeter suited for powdered or granular solids is the…
“Feedforward” is a rather under-used control strategy…
An engineer named Bob Metcalfe conceived the idea of Ethernet in 1973,…
A simple control system drawn in block diagram form looks like this:…
Every flow-measuring instrument exploits a physical principle to…
Electromechanical relays may be connected together to perform logic…
Developed by the Modicon company (the original manufacturer of the…
Phasors are to AC circuit quantities as polarity is to DC circuit…
An important design parameter of a control valve is the position it…
Converting between disparate units of measurement is the bane of many…
To review, voltage is the measure of potential energy available to…
In a manually-controlled process, a human operator directly actuates…
When a high-energy photon strikes an atom, it may eject one of the…
A pressure switch is one detecting the presence of fluid pressure.…
An exciting development in industrial instrumentation is the…
In November of 2007 a new computer virus was submitted to a virus…
Control strategies such as cascade, ratio, feedforward, and those…
