Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License By…
To better understand the design and operation of self-balancing…
While 50 and 51 (instantaneous and time overcurrent) relay functions…
Non-dispersive analysis, while newer in discovery than dispersive…
One of the most common, and most useful, pressure measuring…
Developed by the Modicon company (the original manufacturer of the…
(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
Current is the name we give to the motion of electric charges from a…
Volumes could be written about poor diagnostic technique. The…
As we have seen, the concept of integration is finding the…
It is often useful to express the amplitude of an alternating quantity…
It is possible to convey electrical power and communicate analog…
A bridge circuit is basically a pair of voltage dividers where the…
One of the simplest classes of temperature sensor is one where…
Perhaps the most confusing aspect of discrete sensors is the…
“As to methods there may be a million and then some, but…
Modern analog-to-digital converters are phenomenally accurate,…
Learning is not merely a process of information transfer. It is first…
Given the ability of pressurized fluids to transmit force over long…
A unique form of technical diagram for describing the abstract…
AC induction motors are based on the principle of a rotating magnetic…
By definition, a source is a device delivering energy into a system,…
(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
An variable-area flowmeter is one where the fluid must pass through a…
At the root of successful system diagnosis is a rigorous adherence to…
RTDs are completely passive sensing elements, requiring the…
Control valves are supposed to deliver reliable, repeatable control of…
Calculus has a reputation for being difficult to learn, and with good…
Perhaps the most important rule to obey when using pneumatic…
A design-based fortification is one rooted in technical details of…
A great many chemical composition measurements may be made indirectly…
An electromechanical relay is an electrical switch actuated by an…
Solids tend to expand when heated. The amount that a solid sample will…
All substances are comprised of various elements in various…
Another category of control strategies involves the use of signal…
The purpose of a control valve actuator is to provide the motive force…
Electrical power grids primarily consist of three-phase AC circuits.…
The following photograph shows a large air blower in a wastewater…
Programmable logic controllers are essentially nothing more than…
Shown here is a partial listing of principles applied in the subject…
Tube, like pipe, is a hollow structure designed to provide an enclosed…
