Few areas of mathematics are as powerfully useful in describing and…
As described earlier in this chapter, calibration refers to the…
Sometimes we encounter a diversity of instrument signal standards in…
A technological advance introduced in the late 1980’s was HART,…
One of the simplest classes of temperature sensor is one where…
Thermodynamics is the study of heat, temperature, and their related…
Much of our knowledge about atomic structure comes from experimental…
A damper (otherwise known as a louvre) is a multi-element flow control…
Fluid pressure exerts force on any surface area it contacts, as…
Circuit breakers are the “final control elements” of the…
The three “elementary” particles of matter comprising all…
Perhaps the most confusing aspect of discrete sensors is the…
This section shows some of the many instrument symbols found in…
A powerful mathematical concept useful for analyzing practically any…
The final element of PID control is the “D” term, which…
(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
Every programmable logic controller must have some means of receiving…
Measuring the flow rate of liquid through an open channel is not…
Fieldbus devices require far more attention in their initial setup and…
Suppose we wished to measure the rate of propane gas flow through a…
Given the ability of pressurized fluids to transmit force over long…
To summarize some of the key points and concepts for teaching: Do not…
Many traditional flowmeter technologies respond to the volumetric flow…
Before we begin our discussion on process control, we must define a…
The vast majority of modern process transmitters (both analog and…
An important design parameter of a control valve is the position it…
Many years ago, when I was first learning about electricity, I…
Perhaps the most important rule to obey when using pneumatic…
Imagine a liquid-level control system for a vessel, where the position…
The concepts of calibration (trimming) and ranging are often difficult…
One of the most important accessories for any temperature-sensing…
Labwork is an essential part of any science-based curriculum. Here,…
Few areas of mathematics are as powerfully useful in describing and…
Fieldbus devices require far more attention in their initial setup and…
Nearly every technical course teaches and tests students on…
There is much to be said for neatness of assembly in electrical signal…
Perhaps the most basic and necessary protective relay function is…
(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
A variety of problem-solving techniques have been presented for…
At the root of successful system diagnosis is a rigorous adherence to…
