Fast Start usually means the time from initiation of START to FSNL (Full Speed-No Load) is faster than a normal start.
This can be done in many ways depending on the type of starting means, and also by increasing the acceleration rate which means the fuel flow is increased which means increased thermal stresses on the turbine.
Some Fast Starts also included automatic synchronization and faster than loading rates than normal so in addition to a faster acceleration to rated speed, the unit would load from breaker closure to a Pre-selected Load setpoint or Base Load faster than normal. This also increases the thermal stresses on the turbine.
The Mark II Speedtronic Elementary should have all the information, or the Control Specification (Control System Settings or Operating Instructions and Sequences) should contain details.
Difference is in the start-up cycle, if you are using a diesel engine as a start-up means then the diesel warm up timer (K2DWF = 1 min) would be reduced to 1 min from the otherwise 2 min timer. Also with fast start, the loading sequence would be manual mode i.e.around 8 times faster