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hi all I know plc 5 inherited octal system from plc 2. But why was octal addressing used in the first place? why not decimal or hexadecimal? plc-5 internally only understands binary and other codes are for us humans… Does anybody know internals of plc 5- is it 8 bit on 8 bit bus but addressing...

hi All I have kepserverEx configured to connect to the plc but there is no physical connection there yet. Is there any way to simulate the communication as healthy so i dont get plenty of messages in the scada "Error_configuration" ? I tried to use the option "Operating Mode\Simulated" set to...

hi All I am completely green in Mitsubishi PLC (i used to program siemens) but need kepware to connect to FX3U pls with ENET adp module. Could somebody pls help me with the very basics as kepware does not talk to the FX3U yet: What software do i need to read configuration/potentially do...

hi I would like to kindly ask you about fundamental concept: In control automation can database be event driven or only polled? For example when we have scada which reads data from MES or ERP system inside mssql server can this database somehow notify scada that there is new data to be queried...

Hi All I am rather green in SAN topic which is huge (i did do some short introduction to SAN course). Lets assume you need to configure SAN (storage area network) for the history records of the SCADA. 1 What things are critical to consider when designing SAN? performance, choice of iSCSI, FC...

I would like to deepen my knowledge on modbus so please answer the questions if you can: 1 Is it true that modbus ascii is addressable the values byte by byte - same as modbus RTU. This is different to modbus TCP which is addressing the values using 2 bytes? Is my understanding correct? 2 what...

hi 1 Can anybody explain me please how hardware handshake work in RS232? 2 I assume new laptop dont have this capability? - 3 if that's true the selection for hardware control as shown below is not valid and should not be even visible- is this correct? 4 if my laptop had true rs232 port it will...

Hi All Could anybody advise me please: 1 where to find standards for RS232 or RS485. 2 Also standards for like ISO95 or ISO 88 3 Where are normally RFCs documents for ethernet standards kept I am not confident if there is one place of truth and reliable source for these standards? Regards

hi All I am trying to organize my understanding and improve knowledge about industrial networks. Can you please correct or comment my understanding about types of communication networks? 1 Producer - Consumer type of networks eg. Can bus 2 Source - Destination type of networks eg. Ethernet 3...

hi I wonder if you could suggest what is your preferred software/hardware for industrial communication (understood in broad way) analysis. Please correct me if i am wrong. The way i understand it: Each industrial communication has got some underlaying physical layer. For high level ethernet...

hi All Would you be so kind and help me to understand how Rio - remote IO allen bradley network work? what are its main principles ? what is the difference between basic and enhanced version? Sadly google did not help much in finding this information. Any help is welcomed! Regards

Hi All Can you please help me to understand the difference in the terminology between broker vs bridge vs gateway from control point of view? Different people use it in different way. Please correct me if i am wrong : To me gateway is a hardware device which allows the data to flow between...