why should maintain steam drum level 50%

Hello,

The normal water level is defined by the manufacturer. Running a boiler with a low water level risk exposing components to excessive heat and can cause catastrophic failure and at the least will shorten the life of the components leading to failure.

Good luck,

Mark
http://www.peakhmi.com/
 
I was taught that keeping the drum level around mid-level was important for several reasons. One, as has been said, to keep elements in the lower part of the drum covered with water and that prevents damage from excessive heat.

Two, the surface area of the water is maximized when the water level is mid-drum which improves steam production and reduces turbulence in the steam drum.

Third, with the drum level at mid-drum problems with low feedwater flow-rate or high- or low steam demand can be be more easily tolerated without causing damage to the drum or causing a slug of water to flow out of the drum.

But, as was also said, it's really the boiler manufacturer that determines where the steam drum level should be maintained. And the drawings will help one understand where the various components are located in the drum that need to be kept submerged in water.

All of the above being said, most of the boilers I've operated or commissioned were usually designed to be kept at least a couple of inches above mid-level during steady-state operation.
 
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