A limit switch detects the physical motion of an object by direct contact with that object. An example of a…
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In a manually-controlled process, a human operator directly actuates some form of final control element…
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So far we have just looked at instruments that sense, control, and influence process variables. Transmitters,…
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Area refers to the size of two-dimensional surface. Volume refers to the size of a three-dimensional space. To…
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Labwork is an essential part of any science-based curriculum. Here, much improvement may be made over the…
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I remember first learning about the world-wide Internet, and wondering what it actually looked like. The first…
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Binary patterns are not just able to represent numerical values. Given a standardized code, they may represent…
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Two extremely important principles in electric circuits were codified by Gustav Robert Kirchhoff in the year…
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A damper (otherwise known as a louvre) is a multi-element flow control device generally used to throttle large…
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A positive displacement flowmeter is a cyclic mechanism built to pass a fixed volume of fluid through with…
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Diagnostic ability is arguably the most difficult skill to develop within a student, and also the most…
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In the United States, the ANSI and IEEE organizations have standardized a set of numerical codes referring to…
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At the root of successful system diagnosis is a rigorous adherence to scientific reasoning. There exists no…
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An exciting development in industrial instrumentation is the WirelessHART radio communication standard,…
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A fluid is any substance having the ability to flow: to freely change shape and move under the influence of a…
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RTDs are completely passive sensing elements, requiring the application of an externally-sourced electric…
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Phasors are to AC circuit quantities as polarity is to DC circuit quantities: a way to express the…
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Data-processing modules within FF systems are known as function blocks. Sometimes these blocks serve merely to…
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Modern analog-to-digital converters are phenomenally accurate, dependable, repeatable, and surprisingly…
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In the United States, the most common language used to program PLCs is Ladder Diagram (LD), also known as…
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