An extremely important topic in engineering is that of transfer functions. Simply defined, a transfer function…
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The efficient identification and correction of instrument calibration errors is an important function for…
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Feedback obtained from industrial users of FF reveal a common pattern: Fieldbus is a powerful and reliable…
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Thermodynamics is the study of heat, temperature, and their related effects in physical systems. As a subject,…
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As discussed at the beginning of this chapter, instrumentation safety may be broadly divided into two…
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In November of 2007 a new computer virus was submitted to a virus scanning service. The purpose of this new…
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Instrument technicians should not have to concern themselves over the programming details internal to digital…
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A special type flowmeter suited for powdered or granular solids is the weighfeeder. One of the most common…
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One of the fundamental laws of electric circuits is Kirchhoff’s Current Law, which states the algebraic…
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In addition to Ohm’s Law, we have a set of rules describing how voltages, currents, and resistances…
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Process measurements are often of an analog nature: the temperature of a furnace, the rate of fluid flow…
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The following animation shows how the “rotating” magnetic field of a three-phase AC induction…
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pH is the measurement of the hydrogen ion activity in a liquid solution. It is one of the most common forms of…
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The majority of flowmeter technologies operate on the principle of interpreting fluid flow based on the…
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A design-based fortification is one rooted in technical details of system architecture and functionality. Some…
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A Safety Instrumented Function, or SIF, is one or more components designed to execute a specific…
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Binary patterns are not just able to represent numerical values. Given a standardized code, they may represent…
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Three-phase AC is the dominant mode of electric power generation and distribution in modern societies.…
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Converting between disparate units of measurement is the bane of many science students. The problem is worse…
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Sample sizes of chemical substances are often measured in moles. One mole of a substance is defined as a…
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