Sliding-stem Valves

A sliding-stem valve body is one where the moving parts slide with a linear motion. Some examples of…

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Process/Instrument Suitability

Every flow-measuring instrument exploits a physical principle to measure the flow rate of fluid stream.…

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Heuristic PID Tuning Procedures

In contrast to quantitative tuning procedures where definite numerical values for P, I, and D controller…

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WirelessHART Radio Communication Standard

An exciting development in industrial instrumentation is the WirelessHART radio communication standard,…

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Differential Pressure Transmitters

One of the most common, and most useful, pressure measuring instruments in industry is the differential…

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Displacement and Displacer Level Instrumentation

Displacer level instruments exploit Archimedes’ Principle to detect liquid level by continuously…

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Structured Text (ST) Programming

(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)

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Calibration Errors and Testing

The efficient identification and correction of instrument calibration errors is an important function for…

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Use of Line Reactors

Regulating the electric power sent to an electric motor is a task performed by high-speed switching…

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Using Manometers for Measuring Pressure

A very simple device used to measure pressure is the manometer: a fluid-filled tube where an applied gas…

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Glossary of Cyber-security Terms

Cyber-security seems to have its own vocabulary, ranging from unwieldy technical acronyms to slang terms…

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Measuring Electrical Conductivity

The electrical conductivity of liquids is an important analytical measurement in many industrial processes.…

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Analog Signal Conditioning and Referencing

Modern analog-to-digital converters are phenomenally accurate, dependable, repeatable, and surprisingly…

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High-reliability Control Systems

As discussed at the beginning of this chapter, instrumentation safety may be broadly divided into two…

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Industrial Instrumentation Summary for Teachers

To summarize some of the key points and concepts for teaching: Do not waste class time transmitting facts to…

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Open-ended, Shorted, and Properly Terminated Transmission Lines

Many years ago, when I was first learning about electricity, I happened to discover a length of coaxial…

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Legal Code

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License By exercising the Licensed Rights (defined…

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Principles, not Procedures

One of the marks of a successful problem-solver is a habit of applying general principles to every new problem…

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Digital PID Algorithms

Instrument technicians should not have to concern themselves over the programming details internal to digital…

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Sequential Function Chart (SFC) Programming

(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)

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