Process analyzers measure the concentration of specific substances for the purpose of measuring and/or…
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Feedback obtained from industrial users of FF reveal a common pattern: Fieldbus is a powerful and reliable…
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A quantitative PID tuning procedure is a step-by-step approach leading directly to a set of numerical values…
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(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
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Process measurements are often of an analog nature: the temperature of a furnace, the rate of fluid flow…
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A completely different way of measuring liquid level in vessels is to bounce a traveling wave off the surface…
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The Law of Continuity for fluids states that the product of mass density (\(\rho\)), cross-sectional pipe area…
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Flow, by definition, is the passage of material from one location to another over time. So far this chapter…
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To show a practical process example, let’s examine three diagrams for a compressor control system,…
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I remember first learning about the world-wide Internet, and wondering what it actually looked like. The first…
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One very convenient feature of waves is that their properties are universal. Waves of water in the ocean,…
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An extremely important topic in engineering is that of transfer functions. Simply defined, a transfer function…
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A very simple device used to measure pressure is the manometer: a fluid-filled tube where an applied gas…
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So far we have just looked at instruments that sense, control, and influence process variables. Transmitters,…
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Learning PLC programming is a very important skill. If your job involves programming, then you will likely…
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Perhaps the simplest form of solid or liquid level measurement is with a float: a device that rides on the…
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Converting between disparate units of measurement is the bane of many science students. The problem is worse…
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The reason why a pneumatic control valve’s stem position corresponds linearly to the amount of air…
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Much has been written about the benefits of robust PID control. Increased productivity, decreased equipment…
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Suppose we wished to measure the rate of propane gas flow through a hose to a torch: Flowmeters appropriate…
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