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A very common method for directly controlling low flow rates of fluids is to use a device known as a metering…
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Labwork is an essential part of any science-based curriculum. Here, much improvement may be made over the…
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There is much to be said for neatness of assembly in electrical signal wiring. Even though the electrons…
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The following animation shows how a radio-energy pulse travels down and then up the waveguide of a guided-wave…
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By definition, a source is a device delivering energy into a system, while a load is a device extracting…
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Process measurements are often of an analog nature: the temperature of a furnace, the rate of fluid flow…
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It is often useful to express the amplitude of an alternating quantity such as voltage or current in terms…
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A simple control system drawn in block diagram form looks like this: Information from the measuring device…
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Sample sizes of chemical substances are often measured in moles. One mole of a substance is defined as a…
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(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
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Some of the simplest types of digital communication networks found in industry are defined by the EIA…
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(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
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Calculus has a reputation for being difficult to learn, and with good reason. The traditional approach to…
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Modern DC and AC motor drives provide features useful when using electric motors as final control elements.…
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A bridge circuit is basically a pair of voltage dividers where the circuit output is taken as the difference…
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Capacitive level instruments measure electrical capacitance of a conductive rod inserted vertically into a…
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Regardless of valve type, all stem-actuated control valves require some form of seal allowing motion of the…
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A vertical column of fluid generates a pressure at the bottom of the column owing to the action of gravity on…
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A control strategy similar to ratio control is relation control. This is similar to ratio control in that a…
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