The following collection of photographs chronicles the complete disassembly of a Fisher E-body globe valve…
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An on/off valve is the fluid equivalent of an electrical switch: a device that either allows unimpeded flow or…
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A sliding-stem valve body is one where the moving parts slide with a linear motion. Some examples of…
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Imagine a major marathon race, where hundreds of runners gather in one place to compete. When the starting gun…
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Multiple accessories exist for pressure-sensing devices to function optimally in challenging process…
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Regardless of valve type, all stem-actuated control valves require some form of seal allowing motion of the…
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Given the ability of pressurized fluids to transmit force over long distances, it is not surprising that many…
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Labwork is an essential part of any science-based curriculum. Here, much improvement may be made over the…
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Those familiar with industrial instrumentation will find much within the electric power industry remarkably…
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Up until this point, we have explored various types of instrumentation diagram, each one making reference to…
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This section shows some of the many instrument symbols found in different types of technical diagrams used to…
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Disconnect Switches Disconnects are switches designed to isolate sections of a power system in case of damage…
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An on/off valve is the fluid equivalent of an electrical switch: a device that either allows unimpeded flow or…
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A damper (otherwise known as a louvre) is a multi-element flow control device generally used to throttle large…
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Some problem-solving techniques are unique to quantitative problems, involving mathematical calculations. In…
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The Law of Continuity for fluids states that the product of mass density (\(\rho\)), cross-sectional pipe area…
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Pipe is a hollow structure designed to provide an enclosed pathway for fluids to flow, usually manufactured…
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There are many process control applications in the industry where it is desirable to have multiple control…
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As discussed at the beginning of this chapter, instrumentation safety may be broadly divided into two…
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Valve actuators provide force to move control valve trim. For precise positioning of a control valve, there…
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A different strategy for controlling the flow of fluid is to insert a rotary element into the flow path.…
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The reason why a pneumatic control valve’s stem position corresponds linearly to the amount of air…
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A fluid is any substance having the ability to flow: to freely change shape and move under the influence of a…
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Learning from reading printed text is a kind of problem-solving activity it is own right. The problem is how…
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Flow, by definition, is the passage of material from one location to another over time. So far this chapter…
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As discussed at the beginning of this chapter, instrumentation safety may be broadly divided into two…
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Circuit breakers used in residential, commercial, and light industrial service are self-tripping devices: they…
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A chemical reaction resulting in a net release of energy is called exothermic. Conversely, a chemical reaction…
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In the United States, the most common language used to program PLCs is Ladder Diagram (LD), also known as…
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Labwork is an essential part of any science-based curriculum. Here, much improvement may be made over the…
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In order to provide an interface between the internal (digital) world of a computer and the external (analog)…
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Current is the name we give to the motion of electric charges from a point of high potential to a point of low…
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A wise PLC programmer once told me that the first thing any aspiring programmer should learn about the PLC…
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Modern DC and AC motor drives provide features useful when using electric motors as final control elements.…
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(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
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A vertical column of fluid generates a pressure at the bottom of the column owing to the action of gravity on…
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Cyber-security seems to have its own vocabulary, ranging from unwieldy technical acronyms to slang terms…
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The term “grid” refers to the conductors and equipment interconnecting power sources to power…
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Any physical location in an industrial facility harboring the potential of explosion due to the presence of…
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To better understand the design and operation of self-balancing pneumatic mechanisms, it is helpful to examine…
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An important design parameter of a control valve is the position it will “fail” to if it loses…
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A pneumatic controller receives a process variable (PV) signal as a variable air pressure, compares that…
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Electrical power grids primarily consist of three-phase AC circuits. This means most power lines (transmission…
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