A sliding-stem valve body is one where the moving parts slide with a linear motion. Some examples of…
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An on/off valve is the fluid equivalent of an electrical switch: a device that either allows unimpeded flow or…
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The following collection of photographs chronicles the complete disassembly of a Fisher E-body globe valve…
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Imagine a major marathon race, where hundreds of runners gather in one place to compete. When the starting gun…
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Perhaps the most important rule of controller tuning is to know the process before attempting to adjust the…
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A simple control system drawn in block diagram form looks like this: Information from the measuring device…
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Displacer level instruments exploit Archimedes’ Principle to detect liquid level by continuously…
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Labwork is an essential part of any science-based curriculum. Here, much improvement may be made over the…
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Multiple accessories exist for pressure-sensing devices to function optimally in challenging process…
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Tube, like pipe, is a hollow structure designed to provide an enclosed pathway for fluids to flow. In the case…
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A sliding-stem valve body is one where the moving parts slide with a linear motion. Some examples of…
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Valves can experience a number of problems, most of them either preventable or repairable. These problems can…
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Current is the name we give to the motion of electric charges from a point of high potential to a point of low…
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A fluid is any substance having the ability to flow: to freely change shape and move under the influence of a…
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An on/off valve is the fluid equivalent of an electrical switch: a device that either allows unimpeded flow or…
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A Safety Instrumented Function, or SIF, is one or more components designed to execute a specific…
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Fluid pressure exerts force on any surface area it contacts, as described by the formula \(F = PA\). One…
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When control valves operate between fully open and fully shut, they serve much the same purpose in process…
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The Law of Continuity for fluids states that the product of mass density (\(\rho\)), cross-sectional pipe area…
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There are many process control applications in the industry where it is desirable to have multiple control…
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Finally, we arrive at the loop diagram (sometimes called a loop sheet) for the compressor surge control system…
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A different strategy for controlling the flow of fluid is to insert a rotary element into the flow path.…
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As discussed at the beginning of this chapter, instrumentation safety may be broadly divided into two…
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Learning PLC programming is a very important skill. If your job involves programming, then you will likely…
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This section does not describe a particular type of flowmeter, but rather a design that may be implemented for…
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The efficient identification and correction of instrument calibration errors is an important function for…
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A bridge circuit is basically a pair of voltage dividers where the circuit output is taken as the difference…
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Flow, by definition, is the passage of material from one location to another over time. So far this chapter…
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An important design parameter of a control valve is the position it will “fail” to if it loses…
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One of the simplest classes of temperature sensor is one where temperature effects a change in electrical…
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Another category of control strategies involves the use of signal relays or function blocks with the ability…
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An exciting development in industrial instrumentation is the WirelessHART radio communication standard,…
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While the term “probability” may evoke images of imprecision, probability is in fact an exact…
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“Polyphase” means “many phases,” describing a form of AC electrical system where…
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Certain types of nuclear radiation easily penetrates the walls of industrial vessels, but is attenuated by…
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Using filter cells to eliminate wavelengths associated with interfering gases is called positive filtering in…
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The following animation shows a rotating phasor in three-dimensional form. The phasor rotates in a complex…
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Sample sizes of chemical substances are often measured in moles. One mole of a substance is defined as a…
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“As to methods there may be a million and then some, but principles are few. The man who grasps…
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“Radio” systems use electromagnetic fields to communicate information over long distances through…
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Much has been written about the benefits of robust PID control. Increased productivity, decreased equipment…
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Level gauges are perhaps the simplest indicating instrument for liquid level in a vessel. They are often found…
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The purpose of a control valve actuator is to provide the motive force to operate a valve mechanism. Both…
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