The Law of Continuity for fluids states that the product of mass…
Sensors used to measure vibration come in three basic types:…
A machine in the broad sense of the word is any device designed to…
Many traditional flowmeter technologies respond to the volumetric flow…
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License By…
A much simpler alternative to continuous vibration sensors…
The following animation shows how a radio-energy pulse travels down…
One of the great benefits of digital technology is the ability to…
There are many process control applications in the industry where it…
One very convenient feature of waves is that their properties are…
As discussed at the beginning of this chapter, instrumentation safety…
The following photograph shows a large air blower in a wastewater…
Control strategies such as cascade, ratio, feedforward, and those…
Many liquid substances undergo a process whereby their constituent…
A fluid is any substance having the ability to flow: to freely change…
A number of different sensors used in instrumentation generate DC…
Once while working as an instrument technician in an aluminum foundry,…
The purpose of a control valve actuator is to provide the motive force…
Three-phase AC is the dominant mode of electric power generation and…
The key to understanding how three-phase electric motors work is to…
Some analyzers measure the composition of a process stream by directly…
The most popular form of signal transmission used in modern industrial…
Some self-powered (4-wire) analog electronic transmitters are designed…
The following animation shows the calculus concepts of differentiation…
(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
“Radio” systems use electromagnetic fields to communicate…
A great many chemical composition measurements may be made indirectly…
“As to methods there may be a million and then some, but…
Take for instance the problem of measuring fluid flow through a pipe.…
In reliability engineering, it is important to be able to quantity the…
Nearly every technical course teaches and tests students on…
One of the most important accessories for any temperature-sensing…
