A Safety Instrumented Function, or SIF, is one or more components designed to execute a specific…
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The Law of Continuity for fluids states that the product of mass density (\(\rho\)), cross-sectional pipe area…
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A Safety Instrumented Function, or SIF, is one or more components designed to execute a specific…
Textbook
The Law of Continuity for fluids states that the product of mass density (\(\rho\)), cross-sectional pipe area…
Textbook
The three “elementary” particles of matter comprising all atoms are electrons, protons, and…
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Human-machine interfaces, or HMIs, are a critical part of nearly all control systems, complementing the…
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Data-processing modules within FF systems are known as function blocks. Sometimes these blocks serve merely to…
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Another category of control strategies involves the use of signal relays or function blocks with the ability…
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An exciting development in industrial instrumentation is the WirelessHART radio communication standard,…
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(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
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The efficient identification and correction of instrument calibration errors is an important function for…
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Atom: the smallest unit of matter that may be isolated by chemical means. Particle: a part of an atom,…
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The fundamental principle of electromagnetism is that an electric current will create a magnetic field at…
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Perhaps the most important rule of controller tuning is to know the process before attempting to adjust the…
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Although it seems each model of PLC has its own idiosyncratic standard for programming, there does exist an…
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The term “grid” refers to the conductors and equipment interconnecting power sources to power…
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Any physical location in an industrial facility harboring the potential of explosion due to the presence of…
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Disturbances in the liquid tend to complicate liquid level measurement. These disturbances may result from…
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A unique form of differential pressure-based flow measurement deserves its own section in this flow…
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A great many precision instruments use the principle of balance to measure some quantity. Perhaps the simplest…
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Many years ago, when I was first learning about electricity, I happened to discover a length of coaxial…
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A damper (otherwise known as a louvre) is a multi-element flow control device generally used to throttle large…
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Earlier in this chapter you were shown a model of a nitrogen atom with a dense nucleus (comprised of protons…
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A number of different sensors used in instrumentation generate DC voltage signals proportional to the process…
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One of the marks of a successful problem-solver is a habit of applying general principles to every new problem…
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