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Problem-solving by Simplification

Textbook

A whole class of problem-solving techniques focuses on altering the…

Transfer Function Analysis

Textbook

An extremely important topic in engineering is that of transfer…

Legal Code

Textbook

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License By…

Phasors, Phase Shift and Phasor Algebra

Textbook

Phasors are to AC circuit quantities as polarity is to DC circuit…

Practical Measures of Reliability

Textbook

In reliability engineering, it is important to be able to quantity the…

Transmitter Damping Adjustments

Textbook

The vast majority of modern process transmitters (both analog and…

The s Variable: Euler’s Relation and Phasor Expressions of Waveforms

Textbook

A powerful mathematical concept useful for analyzing practically any…

Analog Electronic PID Controllers

Textbook

Constructing PID control systems using discrete components is a…

Thermocouple Types, Junctions, Connector and Tip Styles

Textbook

RTDs are completely passive sensing elements, requiring the…

Equivalent Series and Parallel Circuits

Textbook

Impedance in a series circuit is the orthogonal sum of resistance and…

Digital Representation of Text

Textbook

Binary patterns are not just able to represent numerical values. Given…

Transformer Basics and Principles of Operation

Textbook

The transformer is one of the most important components in all of AC…

AC Motor Speed Control

Textbook

AC induction motors are based on the principle of a rotating magnetic…

Limit Switches

Textbook

A limit switch detects the physical motion of an object by direct…

Problem-solving by Simplification

Textbook

A whole class of problem-solving techniques focuses on altering the…

Function Block Diagram (FBD) Programming

Textbook

(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)

Controller Output Current Loops

Textbook

The simplest form of 4-20 mA current loop is the type used to…

Metric Prefixes and Prefix Scale

Textbook

Control Valve Actuators

Textbook

The purpose of a control valve actuator is to provide the motive force…

Ethernet networks: Repeaters, Cabling and Switching Hubs

Textbook

An engineer named Bob Metcalfe conceived the idea of Ethernet in 1973,…

Radio-energy Pulse in Guided-wave Radar Level Measurement

Textbook

The following animation shows how a radio-energy pulse travels down…

“Normal” status of a Process Switch

Textbook

Perhaps the most confusing aspect of discrete sensors is the…

Kirchhoff’s Current and Voltage Laws

Textbook

Two extremely important principles in electric circuits were codified…

What is Internet Protocol (IP)?

Textbook

I remember first learning about the world-wide Internet, and wondering…

Different PID Equations

Textbook

For better or worse, there are no fewer than three different forms of…

the Negative Consequences of Poor PID Controller Tuning

Textbook

Much has been written about the benefits of robust PID control.…

Phasors, Phase Shift and Phasor Algebra

Textbook

Phasors are to AC circuit quantities as polarity is to DC circuit…

Practical Measures of Reliability

Textbook

In reliability engineering, it is important to be able to quantity the…

Process/Instrument Suitability

Textbook

Every flow-measuring instrument exploits a physical principle to…