Negative feedback systems, in general, tend to cause confusion for…
The following animation shows how the “rotating” magnetic…
Perhaps the most valuable skill an instrument technician can possess…
An electric motor is often used as a discrete control element in a…
(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
An important design parameter of a control valve is the position it…
An on/off valve is the fluid equivalent of an electrical switch: a…
A great many precision instruments use the principle of balance to…
Regardless of valve type, all stem-actuated control valves require…
One very convenient feature of waves is that their properties are…
In a manually-controlled process, a human operator directly actuates…
A machine in the broad sense of the word is any device designed to…
Calculus has a reputation for being difficult to learn, and with good…
So far we have just looked at instruments that sense, control, and…
Three-phase AC is the dominant mode of electric power generation and…
Self-balancing mechanisms consisting solely of a baffle/nozzle…
Regulating the electric power sent to an electric motor is a task…
PID control can be a confusing concept to understand. Here, a brief…
An exciting development in industrial instrumentation is the…
Electrical Resistance Resistance (\(R\)) is the dissipative opposition…