Multiple accessories exist for pressure-sensing devices to function…
Multiple accessories exist for pressure-sensing devices to function…
Another category of control strategies involves the use of signal…
All masses require force to accelerate (we can also think of this in…
Displacer level instruments exploit Archimedes’ Principle to…
The Law of Continuity for fluids states that the product of mass…
Given the ability of pressurized fluids to transmit force over long…
Control valves are supposed to deliver reliable, repeatable control of…
Sometimes we encounter a diversity of instrument signal standards in…
In some process applications, it is important that the control valve…
Perhaps the most important rule to obey when using pneumatic…
A simple control system drawn in block diagram form looks like this:…
Imagine a major marathon race, where hundreds of runners gather in one…
A pneumatic controller receives a process variable (PV) signal as a…
Valve actuators provide force to move control valve trim. For precise…
A machine in the broad sense of the word is any device designed to…
Abdelaziz, Ahmed (June 2014) Identified numerous typographical errors…
The final step in treating wastewater before releasing it into the…
This section shows some of the many instrument symbols found in…
Finally, we arrive at the loop diagram (sometimes called a loop sheet)…
Perhaps the simplest form of solid or liquid level measurement is with…
An interesting parallel to the “unity fraction” unit…
The key to understanding how three-phase electric motors work is to…
Feedback obtained from industrial users of FF reveal a common pattern:…
A different strategy for controlling the flow of fluid is to insert a…
Thermodynamics is the study of heat, temperature, and their related…
Developed by the Modicon company (the original manufacturer of the…
The following animation shows a rotating phasor in three-dimensional…
(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
An important design parameter of a control valve is the position it…
A control strategy similar to ratio control is relation control. This…
Measuring the flow rate of liquid through an open channel is not…
In a manually-controlled process, a human operator directly actuates…
This animation shows the basic operation of a gas chromatograph,…
Much has been written about the benefits of robust PID control.…
The disadvantages of pneumatic instruments are painfully evident to…
“Polyphase” means “many phases,” describing a…
When a high-energy photon strikes an atom, it may eject one of the…
A unique form of differential pressure-based flow measurement deserves…
A quantitative PID tuning procedure is a step-by-step approach leading…
Multiple accessories exist for pressure-sensing devices to function…
