A variety of problem-solving techniques have been presented for students over the years which are all helpful…
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In order to provide an interface between the internal (digital) world of a computer and the external (analog)…
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Some of the simplest types of digital communication networks found in industry are defined by the EIA…
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An important legacy technology for all kinds of continuous measurement is the self-balancing system. A…
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DC electric motors generate torque by a reaction between two magnetic fields: one field established by…
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Multiple accessories exist for pressure-sensing devices to function optimally in challenging process…
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An extremely important topic in engineering is that of transfer functions. Simply defined, a transfer function…
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Capacitors store energy in electric fields, proportional to the square of voltage. Inductors store energy in…
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There are several different methods useful for causing an AC induction motor to brake, or slow down: DC…
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Visualizing the actions of P, I, and D tuning parameters using graphs is extremely useful in predicting the…
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These fortifications focus on human behavior rather than system design or component selection. In some ways…
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Given the ability of pressurized fluids to transmit force over long distances, it is not surprising that many…
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Steam boilers are very common in industry, principally because steam power is so useful. Common uses for steam…
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A limitation inherent to pneumatic valve actuators is the amount of air flow required to or from the actuator…
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The efficient identification and correction of instrument calibration errors is an important function for…
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Electromechanical relays may be connected together to perform logic and control functions, acting as logic…
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Perhaps the most confusing aspect of discrete sensors is the definition of a sensor’s normal status.…
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Many traditional flowmeter technologies respond to the volumetric flow rate of the moving fluid.…
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Earlier in this chapter you were shown a model of a nitrogen atom with a dense nucleus (comprised of protons…
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Feedback Control System Components Before we begin our discussion on process control, we must define a few key…
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