RTDs are completely passive sensing elements, requiring the…
Labwork is an essential part of any science-based curriculum. Here,…
Some of the simplest types of digital communication networks found in…
Programmable logic controllers are essentially nothing more than…
There is much to be said for neatness of assembly in electrical signal…
I remember first learning about the world-wide Internet, and wondering…
A design-based fortification is one rooted in technical details of…
pH is the measurement of the hydrogen ion activity in a liquid…
Developed by the Modicon company (the original manufacturer of the…
It is possible to convey electrical power and communicate analog…
Learning PLC programming is a very important skill. If your job…
An engineer named Bob Metcalfe conceived the idea of Ethernet in 1973,…
Some self-powered (4-wire) analog electronic transmitters are designed…
Light has long been used as a long-range signaling medium. While…
DC electric current signals may also be used to communicate process…
The vast majority of PID controllers in service today are digital in…
Layer 1 of the OSI Reference Model is where we define the…
One of the great benefits of digital technology is the ability to…
An engineer named Bob Metcalfe conceived the idea of Ethernet in 1973,…
A number of different sensors used in instrumentation generate DC…
A chemical reaction resulting in a net release of energy is called…
A limit switch detects the physical motion of an object by direct…
PID control can be a confusing concept to understand. Here, a brief…
Negative feedback systems, in general, tend to cause confusion for…
Learning PLC programming is a very important skill. If your job…
A vertical column of fluid generates a pressure at the bottom of the…
The transformer is one of the most important components in all of AC…
Many traditional flowmeter technologies respond to the volumetric flow…
Like so many other industrial data networks, FOUNDATION Fieldbus is an…
DC electric current signals may also be used to communicate process…
A level switch is one detecting the level of liquid or solid (granules…
In addition to Ohm’s Law, we have a set of rules describing how…
Coy, John J. et. al. (December 2012) Sampled graphic illustrations…
Two extremely important principles in electric circuits were codified…
In order for any PID controller to be practical, it must be able to do…
Any conductor possesses a characteristic called inductance: the…
Some problem-solving techniques are unique to quantitative problems,…
A hand switch is exactly what the name implies: an electrical switch…
