Abdelaziz, Ahmed (June 2014) Identified numerous typographical errors throughout the book, mostly repeated…
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The vast majority of PID controllers in service today are digital in nature. Microprocessors executing PID…
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Like so many other industrial data networks, FOUNDATION Fieldbus is an “unswitched” or…
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To understand just how different FOUNDATION Fieldbus is from other digital instrument systems, consider a…
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Many years ago, when I was first learning about electricity, I happened to discover a length of coaxial…
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Cyber-security seems to have its own vocabulary, ranging from unwieldy technical acronyms to slang terms…
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Feedback obtained from industrial users of FF reveal a common pattern: Fieldbus is a powerful and reliable…
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At the next OSI Reference Model layer (layer 4) is a set of protocols specifying how reliable communication…
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Layer 1 of the OSI Reference Model is where we define the “physical” elements of a digital data…
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A technological advance introduced in the late 1980’s was HART, an acronym standing for Highway…
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An engineer named Bob Metcalfe conceived the idea of Ethernet in 1973, while working for the Xerox research…
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Some of the simplest types of digital communication networks found in industry are defined by the EIA…
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There is much to be said for neatness of assembly in electrical signal wiring. Even though the electrons…
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In a manually-controlled process, a human operator directly actuates some form of final control element…
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At the root of successful system diagnosis is a rigorous adherence to scientific reasoning. There exists no…
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An exciting development in industrial instrumentation is the WirelessHART radio communication standard,…
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Binary patterns are not just able to represent numerical values. Given a standardized code, they may represent…
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Light has long been used as a long-range signaling medium. While communication by light through open air is…
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A completely different way of measuring liquid level in vessels is to bounce a traveling wave off the surface…
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Data-processing modules within FF systems are known as function blocks. Sometimes these blocks serve merely to…
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Imagine a major marathon race, where hundreds of runners gather in one place to compete. When the starting gun…
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An exciting development in industrial instrumentation is the WirelessHART radio communication standard,…
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As discussed at the beginning of this chapter, instrumentation safety may be broadly divided into two…
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At the next OSI Reference Model layer (layer 4) is a set of protocols specifying how reliable communication…
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These fortifications focus on human behavior rather than system design or component selection. In some ways…
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I remember first learning about the world-wide Internet, and wondering what it actually looked like. The first…
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In a manually-controlled process, a human operator directly actuates some form of final control element…
Textbook
An engineer named Bob Metcalfe conceived the idea of Ethernet in 1973, while working for the Xerox research…
Textbook
Modern DC and AC motor drives provide features useful when using electric motors as final control elements.…
Textbook
Binary patterns are not just able to represent numerical values. Given a standardized code, they may represent…
Textbook
A design-based fortification is one rooted in technical details of system architecture and functionality. Some…
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A completely different way of measuring liquid level in vessels is to bounce a traveling wave off the surface…
Textbook
The vast majority of PID controllers in service today are digital in nature. Microprocessors executing PID…
Textbook
“Radio” systems use electromagnetic fields to communicate information over long distances through…
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Pipe is a hollow structure designed to provide an enclosed pathway for fluids to flow, usually manufactured…
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Every programmable logic controller must have some means of receiving and interpreting signals from real-world…
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One of the great benefits of digital technology is the ability to communicate vast amounts of information over…
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Process measurements are often of an analog nature: the temperature of a furnace, the rate of fluid flow…
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There is much to be said for neatness of assembly in electrical signal wiring. Even though the electrons…
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A bridge circuit is basically a pair of voltage dividers where the circuit output is taken as the difference…
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Valves can experience a number of problems, most of them either preventable or repairable. These problems can…
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When I began teaching full-time in 1998, most of what I thought I understood about good teaching was actually…
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“Polyphase” means “many phases,” describing a form of AC electrical system where…
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Electrical power grids primarily consist of three-phase AC circuits. This means most power lines (transmission…
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As we have seen, the concept of differentiation is finding the rate-of-change of one variable compared to…
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A powerful mathematical concept useful for analyzing practically any physical system – electrical…
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A machine in the broad sense of the word is any device designed to translate some form of energy into useful…
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Although it seems each model of PLC has its own idiosyncratic standard for programming, there does exist an…
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The reason why a pneumatic control valve’s stem position corresponds linearly to the amount of air…
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Every flow-measuring instrument exploits a physical principle to measure the flow rate of fluid stream.…
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The transformer is one of the most important components in all of AC circuitry. Principally used to…
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As defined previously, calibration means the comparison and adjustment (if necessary) of an instrument’s…
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In our first signal characterization example, we tackle the problem of measuring fluid flow through a pipe. To…
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Light has long been used as a long-range signaling medium. While communication by light through open air is…
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Sample sizes of chemical substances are often measured in moles. One mole of a substance is defined as a…
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The dispersion of visible light into its constituent colors goes all the way back to the 17th century with…
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pH is the measurement of the hydrogen ion activity in a liquid solution. It is one of the most common forms of…
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An variable-area flowmeter is one where the fluid must pass through a restriction whose area increases with…
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Learning PLC programming is a very important skill. If your job involves programming, then you will likely…
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Modern DC and AC motor drives provide features useful when using electric motors as final control elements.…
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