An engineer named Bob Metcalfe conceived the idea of Ethernet in 1973, while working for the Xerox research…
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Every programmable logic controller must have some means of receiving and interpreting signals from real-world…
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Labwork is an essential part of any science-based curriculum. Here, much improvement may be made over the…
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A completely different way of measuring liquid level in vessels is to bounce a traveling wave off the surface…
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Binary patterns are not just able to represent numerical values. Given a standardized code, they may represent…
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I remember first learning about the world-wide Internet, and wondering what it actually looked like. The first…
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Many traditional flowmeter technologies respond to the volumetric flow rate of the moving fluid.…
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Abdelaziz, Ahmed (June 2014) Identified numerous typographical errors throughout the book, mostly repeated…
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Pipe is a hollow structure designed to provide an enclosed pathway for fluids to flow, usually manufactured…
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At the next OSI Reference Model layer (layer 4) is a set of protocols specifying how reliable communication…
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To understand just how different FOUNDATION Fieldbus is from other digital instrument systems, consider a…
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One of the great benefits of digital technology is the ability to communicate vast amounts of information over…
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Fieldbus devices require far more attention in their initial setup and commissioning than their analog…
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In the United States, the ANSI and IEEE organizations have standardized a set of numerical codes referring to…
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Many years ago, when I was first learning about electricity, I happened to discover a length of coaxial…
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There is much to be said for neatness of assembly in electrical signal wiring. Even though the electrons…
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An engineer named Bob Metcalfe conceived the idea of Ethernet in 1973, while working for the Xerox research…
Textbook
In the United States, the ANSI and IEEE organizations have standardized a set of numerical codes referring to…
Textbook
Light has long been used as a long-range signaling medium. While communication by light through open air is…
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An exciting development in industrial instrumentation is the WirelessHART radio communication standard,…
Textbook
Many years ago, when I was first learning about electricity, I happened to discover a length of coaxial…
Textbook
I remember first learning about the world-wide Internet, and wondering what it actually looked like. The first…
Textbook
At the next OSI Reference Model layer (layer 4) is a set of protocols specifying how reliable communication…
Textbook
A bridge circuit is basically a pair of voltage dividers where the circuit output is taken as the difference…
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A completely different way of measuring liquid level in vessels is to bounce a traveling wave off the surface…
Textbook
Modern DC and AC motor drives provide features useful when using electric motors as final control elements.…
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In a manually-controlled process, a human operator directly actuates some form of final control element…
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A design-based fortification is one rooted in technical details of system architecture and functionality. Some…
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One of the great benefits of digital technology is the ability to communicate vast amounts of information over…
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As discussed at the beginning of this chapter, instrumentation safety may be broadly divided into two…
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Binary patterns are not just able to represent numerical values. Given a standardized code, they may represent…
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Imagine a major marathon race, where hundreds of runners gather in one place to compete. When the starting gun…
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In order to provide an interface between the internal (digital) world of a computer and the external (analog)…
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There are multiple motives for compromising the security of an industrial control system, some of which…
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These fortifications focus on human behavior rather than system design or component selection. In some ways…
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A very common form of on/off valve used for pneumatic and hydraulic systems alike is the solenoid valve. A…
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When I began teaching full-time in 1998, most of what I thought I understood about good teaching was actually…
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The Law of Mass Conservation states that matter can neither be created nor destroyed. The Law of Energy…
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The disadvantages of pneumatic instruments are painfully evident to anyone familiar with both pneumatic and…
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An important design parameter of a control valve is the position it will “fail” to if it loses…
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“Radio” systems use electromagnetic fields to communicate information over long distances through…
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Self-balancing mechanisms consisting solely of a baffle/nozzle detector coupled to a feedback bellows, while…
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Filled-bulb systems exploit the principle of fluid expansion to measure temperature. If a fluid is enclosed in…
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Volumes could be written about poor diagnostic technique. The following mistakes are not intended to comprise…
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In contrast to quantitative tuning procedures where definite numerical values for P, I, and D controller…
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An exciting development in industrial instrumentation is the WirelessHART radio communication standard,…
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Multiple accessories exist for pressure-sensing devices to function optimally in challenging process…
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Learning from reading printed text is a kind of problem-solving activity it is own right. The problem is how…
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The following photograph shows a large air blower in a wastewater treatment facility equipped with a…
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Phasors are to AC circuit quantities as polarity is to DC circuit quantities: a way to express the…
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The following animation shows the calculus concepts of differentiation and integration (with respect to time)…
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Using filter cells to eliminate wavelengths associated with interfering gases is called positive filtering in…
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To review, voltage is the measure of potential energy available to electric charges. Current is the uniform…
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A quantitative PID tuning procedure is a step-by-step approach leading directly to a set of numerical values…
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As we have seen, the concept of differentiation is finding the rate-of-change of one variable compared to…
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