Every programmable logic controller must have some means of receiving…
There is much to be said for neatness of assembly in electrical signal…
Fieldbus devices require far more attention in their initial setup and…
Like so many other industrial data networks, FOUNDATION Fieldbus is an…
Some of the simplest types of digital communication networks found in…
In a manually-controlled process, a human operator directly actuates…
At the next OSI Reference Model layer (layer 4) is a set of protocols…
An exciting development in industrial instrumentation is the…
I remember first learning about the world-wide Internet, and wondering…
As discussed at the beginning of this chapter, instrumentation safety…
Data-processing modules within FF systems are known as function…
Cyber-security seems to have its own vocabulary, ranging from unwieldy…
A completely different way of measuring liquid level in vessels is to…
One of the great benefits of digital technology is the ability to…
Developed by the Modicon company (the original manufacturer of the…
An exciting development in industrial instrumentation is the…
A design-based fortification is one rooted in technical details of…
The vast majority of PID controllers in service today are digital in…
Light has long been used as a long-range signaling medium. While…
Every programmable logic controller must have some means of receiving…
One of the great benefits of digital technology is the ability to…
In the United States, the ANSI and IEEE organizations have…
Many years ago, when I was first learning about electricity, I…
At the next OSI Reference Model layer (layer 4) is a set of protocols…
Developed by the Modicon company (the original manufacturer of the…
A completely different way of measuring liquid level in vessels is to…
There are multiple motives for compromising the security of an…
These fortifications focus on human behavior rather than system design…
Imagine a major marathon race, where hundreds of runners gather in one…
In a manually-controlled process, a human operator directly actuates…
Programmable logic controllers are essentially nothing more than…
An engineer named Bob Metcalfe conceived the idea of Ethernet in 1973,…
Cyber-security seems to have its own vocabulary, ranging from unwieldy…
A bridge circuit is basically a pair of voltage dividers where the…
I remember first learning about the world-wide Internet, and wondering…
In addition to directly performing logic functions, electromechanical…
Abdelaziz, Ahmed (June 2014) Identified numerous typographical errors…
Many liquid substances undergo a process whereby their constituent…
Valve actuators provide force to move control valve trim. For precise…
Some self-powered (4-wire) analog electronic transmitters are designed…
The final step in treating wastewater before releasing it into the…
A whole class of problem-solving techniques focuses on altering the…
These fortifications focus on human behavior rather than system design…
A sliding-stem valve body is one where the moving parts slide with a…
In November of 2007 a new computer virus was submitted to a virus…
The following photograph shows a large air blower in a wastewater…
Using filter cells to eliminate wavelengths associated with…
A quantitative PID tuning procedure is a step-by-step approach leading…
All substances are comprised of various elements in various…
A unique form of differential pressure-based flow measurement deserves…
At the next OSI Reference Model layer (layer 4) is a set of protocols…
DC electric current signals may also be used to communicate process…
Three-phase AC is the dominant mode of electric power generation and…
Atom: the smallest unit of matter that may be isolated by chemical…
Non-dispersive analysis, while newer in discovery than dispersive…
