Although it seems each model of PLC has its own idiosyncratic standard for programming, there does exist an…
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Every programmable logic controller must have some means of receiving and interpreting signals from real-world…
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Programmable logic controllers are essentially nothing more than special-purpose, industrial computers. As…
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Linearity of Measurement Instruments The purpose of calibration is to ensure the input and output of an…
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Perhaps the most confusing aspect of discrete sensors is the definition of a sensor’s normal status.…
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In the United States, the most common language used to program PLCs is Ladder Diagram (LD), also known as…
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A quantitative PID tuning procedure is a step-by-step approach leading directly to a set of numerical values…
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Abdelaziz, Ahmed (June 2014) Identified numerous typographical errors throughout the book, mostly repeated…
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Most pneumatic instruments use a simple but highly sensitive mechanism for converting mechanical motion into…
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Phasors are to AC circuit quantities as polarity is to DC circuit quantities: a way to express the…
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The electrical conductivity of liquids is an important analytical measurement in many industrial processes.…
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Recall that an exothermic chemical reaction is one that releases a net sum of energy, as opposed to an…
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Since we often use electricity to convey energy from one location to another, it is important to be able to…
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I remember first learning about the world-wide Internet, and wondering what it actually looked like. The first…
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(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
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Cyber-security seems to have its own vocabulary, ranging from unwieldy technical acronyms to slang terms…
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Developed by the Modicon company (the original manufacturer of the Programmable Logic Controller, or PLC) in…
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A much simpler alternative to continuous vibration sensors (displacement or acceleration) and monitoring…
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When I began teaching full-time in 1998, most of what I thought I understood about good teaching was actually…
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The reason why a pneumatic control valve’s stem position corresponds linearly to the amount of air…
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