Process measurements are often of an analog nature: the temperature of a furnace, the rate of fluid flow…
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The electrical conductivity of liquids is an important analytical measurement in many industrial processes.…
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Lipták, Béla G. et al., Instrument Engineers’ Handbook – Process Measurement and Analysis Volume I,…
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Electromechanical relays may be connected together to perform logic and control functions, acting as logic…
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All substances are comprised of various elements in various combinations and proportions. Elements may thus be…
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Tube, like pipe, is a hollow structure designed to provide an enclosed pathway for fluids to flow. In the case…
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“As to methods there may be a million and then some, but principles are few. The man who grasps…
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“Feedforward” is a rather under-used control strategy capable of managing a great many types of…
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When a high-energy photon strikes an atom, it may eject one of the lower-level electrons from its shell,…
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A form of protection against faults on long-distance power lines is called distance relaying, so named because…
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Visualizing the actions of P, I, and D tuning parameters using graphs is extremely useful in predicting the…
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Learning is not merely a process of information transfer. It is first and foremost a transformation of…
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Phasors are to AC circuit quantities as polarity is to DC circuit quantities: a way to express the…
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In November of 2007 a new computer virus was submitted to a virus scanning service. The purpose of this new…
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Process measurements are often of an analog nature: the temperature of a furnace, the rate of fluid flow…
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The Law of Mass Conservation states that matter can neither be created nor destroyed. The Law of Energy…
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(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
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Three-phase AC is the dominant mode of electric power generation and distribution in modern societies.…
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One of the most common, and most useful, pressure measuring instruments in industry is the differential…
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The fundamental principle of electromagnetism is that an electric current will create a magnetic field at…
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