Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License By…
One very convenient feature of waves is that their properties are…
A much simpler alternative to continuous vibration sensors…
Many traditional flowmeter technologies respond to the volumetric flow…
The Law of Continuity for fluids states that the product of mass…
As discussed at the beginning of this chapter, instrumentation safety…
Sensors used to measure vibration come in three basic types:…
The following photograph shows a large air blower in a wastewater…
One of the great benefits of digital technology is the ability to…
The following animation shows how a radio-energy pulse travels down…
A machine in the broad sense of the word is any device designed to…
There are many process control applications in the industry where it…
Calculus has a reputation for being difficult to learn, and with good…
In the United States, the most common language used to program PLCs is…
An important performance parameter for transmitter instruments is…
Sample sizes of chemical substances are often measured in moles. One…
Filled-bulb systems exploit the principle of fluid expansion to…
This section shows some of the many instrument symbols found in…
Any physical location in an industrial facility harboring the…
A unique form of technical diagram for describing the abstract…
A fundamental limitation of proportional control has to do with its…
So far we have just looked at instruments that sense, control, and…
An important type of “accessory” relay, especially for…
Learning is not merely a process of information transfer. It is first…
In contrast to quantitative tuning procedures where definite numerical…
Cyber-security seems to have its own vocabulary, ranging from unwieldy…
Developed by the Modicon company (the original manufacturer of the…
Many years ago, when I was first learning about electricity, I…
(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
Linearity of Measurement Instruments The purpose of calibration is to…
To understand just how different FOUNDATION Fieldbus is from other…
A limitation inherent to pneumatic valve actuators is the amount of…
