The following animation shows how a radio-energy pulse travels down and then up the waveguide of a guided-wave…
Textbook
The Law of Continuity for fluids states that the product of mass density (\(\rho\)), cross-sectional pipe area…
Textbook
One of the great benefits of digital technology is the ability to communicate vast amounts of information over…
Textbook
As discussed at the beginning of this chapter, instrumentation safety may be broadly divided into two…
Textbook
Many traditional flowmeter technologies respond to the volumetric flow rate of the moving fluid.…
Textbook
A much simpler alternative to continuous vibration sensors (displacement or acceleration) and monitoring…
Textbook
The following photograph shows a large air blower in a wastewater treatment facility equipped with a…
Textbook
One very convenient feature of waves is that their properties are universal. Waves of water in the ocean,…
Textbook
Sensors used to measure vibration come in three basic types: displacement, velocity, and acceleration.…
Textbook
A machine in the broad sense of the word is any device designed to translate some form of energy into useful…
Textbook
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License By exercising the Licensed Rights (defined…
Textbook
There are many process control applications in the industry where it is desirable to have multiple control…
Textbook
Once while working as an instrument technician in an aluminum foundry, a mechanic asked me what it was that I…
Textbook
Using filter cells to eliminate wavelengths associated with interfering gases is called positive filtering in…
Textbook
An important legacy technology for all kinds of continuous measurement is the self-balancing system. A…
Textbook
(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
Textbook
Most of these formulae appear in molecular chemical form rather than structural form. For example, ethanol…
Textbook
At the next OSI Reference Model layer (layer 4) is a set of protocols specifying how reliable communication…
Textbook
Learning from reading printed text is a kind of problem-solving activity it is own right. The problem is how…
Textbook
The reason why a pneumatic control valve’s stem position corresponds linearly to the amount of air…
Textbook
Any conductor possesses a characteristic called inductance: the ability to store energy in the form of a…
Textbook
Temperature measurement devices may be classified into two broad types: contact and non-contact. Contact-type…
Textbook
A Safety Instrumented Function, or SIF, is one or more components designed to execute a specific…
Textbook
Non-dispersive analysis, while newer in discovery than dispersive analysis (Isaac Newton’s 17th-century…
Textbook
(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
Textbook
Textbook
Multiple accessories exist for pressure-sensing devices to function optimally in challenging process…
Textbook
One very convenient feature of waves is that their properties are universal. Waves of water in the ocean,…
Textbook
Converting between disparate units of measurement is the bane of many science students. The problem is worse…
Textbook
The following animation shows the calculus concepts of differentiation and integration (with respect to time)…
Textbook
The following collection of photographs chronicles the complete disassembly of a Fisher E-body globe valve…
Textbook
One of the fundamental laws of electric circuits is Kirchhoff’s Current Law, which states the algebraic…
Textbook
Facebook
Google
GitHub
Linkedin