Calculus has a reputation for being difficult to learn, and with good reason. The traditional approach to…
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A sliding-stem valve body is one where the moving parts slide with a linear motion. Some examples of…
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Self-balancing pneumatic instrument mechanisms are very similar to negative-feedback operational amplifier…
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A unique form of differential pressure-based flow measurement deserves its own section in this flow…
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Much has been written about the benefits of robust PID control. Increased productivity, decreased equipment…
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Two extremely important principles in electric circuits were codified by Gustav Robert Kirchhoff in the year…
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Fieldbus devices require far more attention in their initial setup and commissioning than their analog…
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Suppose we wished to measure the consumption of propane over time for a large propane storage tank supplying a…
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Every flow-measuring instrument exploits a physical principle to measure the flow rate of fluid stream.…
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AC induction motors are based on the principle of a rotating magnetic field produced by a set of stationary…
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The digital multimeter (DMM) is quite possibly the most useful tool in the instrument technician’s…
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Many liquid substances undergo a process whereby their constituent molecules split into positively and…
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A technological advance introduced in the late 1980’s was HART, an acronym standing for Highway…
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A pneumatic controller receives a process variable (PV) signal as a variable air pressure, compares that…
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Multiple accessories exist for pressure-sensing devices to function optimally in challenging process…
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There is much to be said for neatness of assembly in electrical signal wiring. Even though the electrons…
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Process measurements are often of an analog nature: the temperature of a furnace, the rate of fluid flow…
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Thermodynamics is the study of heat, temperature, and their related effects in physical systems. As a subject,…
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A completely different way of measuring liquid level in vessels is to bounce a traveling wave off the surface…
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One of the most common, and most useful, pressure measuring instruments in industry is the differential…
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