Negative feedback systems, in general, tend to cause confusion for those first learning their fundamental…
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Modern DC and AC motor drives provide features useful when using electric motors as final control elements.…
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Multiple accessories exist for pressure-sensing devices to function optimally in challenging process…
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Any conductor possesses a characteristic called inductance: the ability to store energy in the form of a…
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An variable-area flowmeter is one where the fluid must pass through a restriction whose area increases with…
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“Radio” systems use electromagnetic fields to communicate information over long distances through…
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A pressure switch is one that detects the presence of fluid pressure. Pressure switches often use diaphragms…
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Coy, John J. et. al. (December 2012) Sampled graphic illustrations from his NASA Reference Publication…
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Every programmable logic controller must have some means of receiving and interpreting signals from real-world…
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Capacitive level instruments measure electrical capacitance of a conductive rod inserted vertically into a…
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Many liquid substances undergo a process whereby their constituent molecules split into positively and…
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Most people reading this book have likely had the experience of adjusting water temperature using two hand…
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As discussed at the beginning of this chapter, instrumentation safety may be broadly divided into two…
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The dispersion of visible light into its constituent colors goes all the way back to the 17th century with…
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A bridge circuit is basically a pair of voltage dividers where the circuit output is taken as the difference…
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An engineer named Bob Metcalfe conceived the idea of Ethernet in 1973, while working for the Xerox research…
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DC electric motors generate torque by a reaction between two magnetic fields: one field established by…
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There is much to be said for neatness of assembly in electrical signal wiring. Even though the electrons…
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Flow, by definition, is the passage of material from one location to another over time. So far this chapter…
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Pipe is a hollow structure designed to provide an enclosed pathway for fluids to flow, usually manufactured…
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