Process analyzers measure the concentration of specific substances for the purpose of measuring and/or…
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Any physical location in an industrial facility harboring the potential of explosion due to the presence of…
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A Safety Instrumented Function, or SIF, is one or more components designed to execute a specific…
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Programmable logic controllers are essentially nothing more than special-purpose, industrial computers. As…
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Any conductor possesses a characteristic called inductance: the ability to store energy in the form of a…
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Calculus. Few areas of mathematics are as powerfully useful in describing and analyzing the physical…
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Given the ability of pressurized fluids to transmit force over long distances, it is not surprising that many…
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Regulating the electric power sent to an electric motor is a task performed by high-speed switching…
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Several different technologies exist for the conversion of fluid pressure into an electrical signal response.…
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Many traditional flowmeter technologies respond to the volumetric flow rate of the moving fluid.…
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Finally, we arrive at the loop diagram (sometimes called a loop sheet) for the compressor surge control system…
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There are several different methods useful for causing an AC induction motor to brake, or slow down: DC…
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A special type flowmeter suited for powdered or granular solids is the weighfeeder. One of the most common…
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One of the simplest classes of temperature sensor is one where temperature effects a change in electrical…
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Every programmable logic controller must have some means of receiving and interpreting signals from real-world…
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The majority of flowmeter technologies operate on the principle of interpreting fluid flow based on the…
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An important design parameter of a control valve is the position it will “fail” to if it loses…
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Some self-powered (4-wire) analog electronic transmitters are designed to behave as electrical loads rather…
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Diagnostic ability is arguably the most difficult skill to develop within a student, and also the most…
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At the next OSI Reference Model layer (layer 4) is a set of protocols specifying how reliable communication…
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Disconnect Switches Disconnects are switches designed to isolate sections of a power system in case of damage…
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The reason why a pneumatic control valve’s stem position corresponds linearly to the amount of air…
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“As to methods there may be a million and then some, but principles are few. The man who grasps…
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