In order for any PID controller to be practical, it must be able to do more than just implement the PID…
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In this section I will show screenshots from a process loop simulation program illustrating the effectiveness…
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The simplest form of 4-20 mA current loop is the type used to represent the output of a process controller,…
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Much has been written about the benefits of robust PID control. Increased productivity, decreased equipment…
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An engineer named Bob Metcalfe conceived the idea of Ethernet in 1973, while working for the Xerox research…
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(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
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So far we have just looked at instruments that sense, control, and influence process variables. Transmitters,…
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Atom: the smallest unit of matter that may be isolated by chemical means. Particle: a part of an atom,…
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Suppose we wished to measure the consumption of propane over time for a large propane storage tank supplying a…
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A very common method for directly controlling low flow rates of fluids is to use a device known as a metering…
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Lipták, Béla G. et al., Instrument Engineers’ Handbook – Process Measurement and Analysis Volume I,…
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Most people reading this book have likely had the experience of adjusting water temperature using two hand…
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Self-balancing mechanisms consisting solely of a baffle/nozzle detector coupled to a feedback bellows, while…
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When control valves operate between fully open and fully shut, they serve much the same purpose in process…
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All substances are comprised of various elements in various combinations and proportions. Elements may thus be…
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Learning PLC programming is a very important skill. If your job involves programming, then you will likely…
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The vast majority of PID controllers in service today are digital in nature. Microprocessors executing PID…
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Up until this point, we have explored various types of instrumentation diagram, each one making reference to…
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As we have seen, the concept of integration is finding the accumulation of one variable multiplied by another…
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An on/off valve is the fluid equivalent of an electrical switch: a device that either allows unimpeded flow or…
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There are multiple motives for compromising the security of an industrial control system, some of which…
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(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
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