A Safety Instrumented Function, or SIF, is one or more components designed to execute a specific…
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Process analyzers measure the concentration of specific substances for the purpose of measuring and/or…
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Any physical location in an industrial facility harboring the potential of explosion due to the presence of…
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Much of our knowledge about atomic structure comes from experimental data relating the interaction between…
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The disadvantages of pneumatic instruments are painfully evident to anyone familiar with both pneumatic and…
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An interesting parallel to the “unity fraction” unit conversion technique is something referred to…
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One of the marks of a successful problem-solver is a habit of applying general principles to every new problem…
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A Safety Instrumented Function, or SIF, is one or more components designed to execute a specific…
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A positive displacement flowmeter is a cyclic mechanism built to pass a fixed volume of fluid through with…
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Regulating the electric power sent to an electric motor is a task performed by high-speed switching…
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An on/off valve is the fluid equivalent of an electrical switch: a device that either allows unimpeded flow or…
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Steam boilers are very common in industry, principally because steam power is so useful. Common uses for steam…
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A limitation inherent to pneumatic valve actuators is the amount of air flow required to or from the actuator…
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In our first signal characterization example, we tackle the problem of measuring fluid flow through a pipe. To…
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To show a practical process example, let’s examine three diagrams for a compressor control system,…
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The very purpose of physics is to quantitatively describe and explain the physical world in as few terms as…
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Another category of control strategies involves the use of signal relays or function blocks with the ability…
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To understand just how different FOUNDATION Fieldbus is from other digital instrument systems, consider a…
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One of the most important accessories for any temperature-sensing element is a pressure-tight sheath known as…
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An important performance parameter for transmitter instruments is something often referred to as turndown or…
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Suppose we wished to measure the rate of propane gas flow through a hose to a torch: Flowmeters appropriate…
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Diagnostic ability is arguably the most difficult skill to develop within a student, and also the most…
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Negative feedback systems, in general, tend to cause confusion for those first learning their fundamental…
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