Capacitance Any two electrical conductors separated by an insulating medium possess the characteristic called…
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A pressure switch is one that detects the presence of fluid pressure. Pressure switches often use diaphragms…
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A special type flowmeter suited for powdered or granular solids is the weighfeeder. One of the most common…
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To understand just how different FOUNDATION Fieldbus is from other digital instrument systems, consider a…
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The final step in treating wastewater before releasing it into the natural environment is to kill any harmful…
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A simple control system drawn in block diagram form looks like this: Information from the measuring device…
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A fluid is any substance having the ability to flow: to freely change shape and move under the influence of a…
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There are several different methods useful for causing an AC induction motor to brake, or slow down: DC…
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In modern industry, the most popular form of field-level signal transmission for variable industrial…
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Area refers to the size of two-dimensional surface. Volume refers to the size of a three-dimensional space. To…
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As we have seen, the concept of integration is finding the accumulation of one variable multiplied by another…
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To show a practical process example, let’s examine three diagrams for a compressor control system,…
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A damper (otherwise known as a louvre) is a multi-element flow control device generally used to throttle large…
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For better or worse, there are no fewer than three different forms of PID equations implemented in modern PID…
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Disturbances in the liquid tend to complicate liquid level measurement. These disturbances may result from…
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Labwork is an essential part of any science-based curriculum. Here, much improvement may be made over the…
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To review, voltage is the measure of potential energy available to electric charges. Current is the uniform…
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Since we often use electricity to convey energy from one location to another, it is important to be able to…
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As previously defined, calibration refers to the checking and adjustment of an instrument so that its output…
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Process analyzers measure the concentration of specific substances for the purpose of measuring and/or…
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