A unique form of technical diagram for describing the abstract…
Up until this point, we have explored various types of instrumentation…
The vast majority of PID controllers in service today are digital in…
DC electric current signals may also be used to communicate process…
In contrast to quantitative tuning procedures where definite numerical…
The vast majority of modern process transmitters (both analog and…
A pressure switch is one detecting the presence of fluid pressure.…
Most pneumatic instruments use a simple but highly sensitive mechanism…
A great many precision instruments use the principle of balance to…
This animation shows the basic operation of a gas chromatograph,…
When I began teaching full-time in 1998, most of what I thought I…
Abdelaziz, Ahmed (June 2014) Identified numerous typographical errors…
Regulating the electric power sent to an electric motor is a task…
As a general rule, high achievement only takes place in an atmosphere…
A very common form of on/off valve used for pneumatic and hydraulic…
A chemical reaction resulting in a net release of energy is called…
In addition to Ohm’s Law, we have a set of rules describing how…
Self-balancing mechanisms consisting solely of a baffle/nozzle…
A bridge circuit is basically a pair of voltage dividers where the…
Modern analog-to-digital converters are phenomenally accurate,…
A limit switch detects the physical motion of an object by direct…
The most popular form of signal transmission used in modern industrial…
There are several different methods useful for causing an AC induction…
Every flow-measuring instrument exploits a physical principle to…
The final step in treating wastewater before releasing it into the…
A limitation inherent to pneumatic valve actuators is the amount of…
The majority of flowmeter technologies operate on the principle of…
Displacer level instruments exploit Archimedes’ Principle to…
Finally, we arrive at the loop diagram (sometimes called a loop sheet)…
Electromechanical relays may be connected together to perform logic…
A variety of problem-solving techniques have been presented for…
Light is known to interact with matter in very specific ways, which…
Suppose we wished to measure the consumption of propane over time for…
To show a practical process example, let’s examine three…
Certain types of nuclear radiation easily penetrates the walls of…
Using filter cells to eliminate wavelengths associated with…
Two extremely important principles in electric circuits were codified…
In order for any PID controller to be practical, it must be able to do…
A vertical column of fluid generates a pressure at the bottom of the…
