In reliability engineering, it is important to be able to quantity the…
Modern analog-to-digital converters are phenomenally accurate,…
Some of the simplest types of digital communication networks found in…
A fluid is any substance having the ability to flow: to freely change…
Much has been written about the benefits of robust PID control.…
Circuit breakers are the “final control elements” of the…
(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
Process measurements are often of an analog nature: the temperature of…
The final element of PID control is the “D” term, which…
Three-phase AC is the dominant mode of electric power generation and…
Multiple accessories exist for pressure-sensing devices to function…
Perhaps the most basic and necessary protective relay function is…
The next level of detail is the Process and Instrument Diagram, or…
Finally, we arrive at the loop diagram (sometimes called a loop sheet)…
The advent of “smart” field instruments containing…
Once while working as an instrument technician in an aluminum foundry,…
A damper (otherwise known as a louvre) is a multi-element flow control…
A positive displacement flowmeter is a cyclic mechanism built to pass…
Fieldbus devices require far more attention in their initial setup and…
An on/off valve is the fluid equivalent of an electrical switch: a…
A variety of technologies exist to measure the quantity of stored…
A variety of problem-solving techniques have been presented for…
A fundamental principle in instrumentation system troubleshooting is…
Earlier in this chapter you were shown a model of a nitrogen atom with…
There is much to be said for neatness of assembly in electrical signal…
Once while working as an instrument technician in an aluminum foundry,…
A positive displacement flowmeter is a cyclic mechanism built to pass…
Light has long been used as a long-range signaling medium. While…
Capacitive level instruments measure electrical capacitance of a…
One very convenient feature of waves is that their properties are…
An extremely important topic in engineering is that of transfer…
Most people reading this book have likely had the experience of…
A laser is a light source emitting waves of light that not only…
Electromechanical relays may be connected together to perform logic…
An interesting parallel to the “unity fraction” unit…
A fluid is any substance having the ability to flow: to freely change…
When control valves operate between fully open and fully shut, they…
The final element of PID control is the “D” term, which…
A great many precision instruments use the principle of balance to…
