Developed by the Modicon company (the original manufacturer of the…
In addition to directly performing logic functions, electromechanical…
Self-balancing pneumatic instrument mechanisms are very similar to…
Atom: the smallest unit of matter that may be isolated by chemical…
Some self-powered (4-wire) analog electronic transmitters are designed…
DC electric motors generate torque by a reaction between two magnetic…
Cyber-security seems to have its own vocabulary, ranging from unwieldy…
Many years ago, when I was first learning about electricity, I…
A different strategy for controlling the flow of fluid is to insert a…
The majority of flowmeter technologies operate on the principle of…
Area refers to the size of two-dimensional surface. Volume refers to…
Resistance (\(R\)) is the dissipative opposition to an electric…
Electrical power grids primarily consist of three-phase AC circuits.…
Light has long been used as a long-range signaling medium. While…
Imagine a liquid-level control system for a vessel, where the position…
There are several different methods useful for causing an AC induction…
Most people reading this book have likely had the experience of…
The fundamental principle of electromagnetism is that an electric…
An electromechanical relay is an electrical switch actuated by an…
In a manually-controlled process, a human operator directly actuates…
Some of the simplest types of digital communication networks found in…
DC electric current signals may also be used to communicate process…
Process analyzers measure the concentration of specific substances for…
Self-balancing pneumatic instrument mechanisms are very similar to…
“Feedforward” is a rather under-used control strategy…
An extremely important topic in engineering is that of transfer…
Non-dispersive analysis, while newer in discovery than dispersive…
An important performance parameter for transmitter instruments is…
In order to provide an interface between the internal (digital) world…
The majority of flowmeter technologies operate on the principle of…
Recall that an exothermic chemical reaction is one that releases a net…
Much of our knowledge about atomic structure comes from experimental…
The vast majority of modern process transmitters (both analog and…
Few areas of mathematics are as powerfully useful in describing and…
These fortifications focus on human behavior rather than system design…
Earlier in this chapter you were shown a model of a nitrogen atom with…
Light has long been used as a long-range signaling medium. While…
Modern analog-to-digital converters are phenomenally accurate,…
In reliability engineering, it is important to be able to quantity the…
The efficient identification and correction of instrument calibration…
