Control valves are supposed to deliver reliable, repeatable control of process fluid flow rate over a wide…
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In order for any PID controller to be practical, it must be able to do more than just implement the PID…
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In a manually-controlled process, a human operator directly actuates some form of final control element…
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Perhaps the most valuable skill an instrument technician can possess is the ability to efficiently diagnose…
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These fortifications focus on human behavior rather than system design or component selection. In some ways…
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Stoichiometry is the accounting of atoms before and after a chemical reaction. It is an expression of the Law…
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A damper (otherwise known as a louvre) is a multi-element flow control device generally used to throttle large…
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This animation shows the basic operation of a gas chromatograph, showing the separation of different molecular…
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What is Calibration? To calibrate an instrument means to check and adjust (if necessary) its response so the…
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A great many precision instruments use the principle of balance to measure some quantity. Perhaps the simplest…
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Multiple accessories exist for pressure-sensing devices to function optimally in challenging process…
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Linearity of Measurement Instruments The purpose of calibration is to ensure the input and output of an…
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Regulating the electric power sent to an electric motor is a task performed by high-speed switching…
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A whole class of problem-solving techniques focuses on altering the given problem into a simpler form that is…
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By definition, a source is a device delivering energy into a system, while a load is a device extracting…
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In November of 2007 a new computer virus was submitted to a virus scanning service. The purpose of this new…
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Two extremely important principles in electric circuits were codified by Gustav Robert Kirchhoff in the year…
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Virtually any mass above absolute zero temperature emits electromagnetic radiation (photons, or light) as a…
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Learning from reading printed text is a kind of problem-solving activity it is own right. The problem is how…
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Converting between disparate units of measurement is the bane of many science students. The problem is worse…
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