“Radio” systems use electromagnetic fields to communicate information over long distances through…
Textbook
Light has long been used as a long-range signaling medium. While communication by light through open air is…
Textbook
An engineer named Bob Metcalfe conceived the idea of Ethernet in 1973, while working for the Xerox research…
Textbook
One of the great benefits of digital technology is the ability to communicate vast amounts of information over…
Textbook
An exciting development in industrial instrumentation is the WirelessHART radio communication standard,…
Textbook
A bridge circuit is basically a pair of voltage dividers where the circuit output is taken as the difference…
Textbook
A design-based fortification is one rooted in technical details of system architecture and functionality. Some…
Textbook
I remember first learning about the world-wide Internet, and wondering what it actually looked like. The first…
Textbook
Cyber-security seems to have its own vocabulary, ranging from unwieldy technical acronyms to slang terms…
Textbook
“Radio” systems use electromagnetic fields to communicate information over long distances through…
Textbook
These fortifications focus on human behavior rather than system design or component selection. In some ways…
Textbook
An engineer named Bob Metcalfe conceived the idea of Ethernet in 1973, while working for the Xerox research…
Textbook
A completely different way of measuring liquid level in vessels is to bounce a traveling wave off the surface…
Textbook
There are multiple motives for compromising the security of an industrial control system, some of which…
Textbook
Imagine a major marathon race, where hundreds of runners gather in one place to compete. When the starting gun…
Textbook
Programmable logic controllers are essentially nothing more than special-purpose, industrial computers. As…
Textbook
At the next OSI Reference Model layer (layer 4) is a set of protocols specifying how reliable communication…
Textbook
A bridge circuit is basically a pair of voltage dividers where the circuit output is taken as the difference…
Textbook
A design-based fortification is one rooted in technical details of system architecture and functionality. Some…
Textbook
In order to provide an interface between the internal (digital) world of a computer and the external (analog)…
Textbook
Modern DC and AC motor drives provide features useful when using electric motors as final control elements.…
Textbook
Many years ago, when I was first learning about electricity, I happened to discover a length of coaxial…
Textbook
An exciting development in industrial instrumentation is the WirelessHART radio communication standard,…
Textbook
In the United States, the ANSI and IEEE organizations have standardized a set of numerical codes referring to…
Textbook
There is much to be said for neatness of assembly in electrical signal wiring. Even though the electrons…
Textbook
Process measurements are often of an analog nature: the temperature of a furnace, the rate of fluid flow…
Textbook
As discussed at the beginning of this chapter, instrumentation safety may be broadly divided into two…
Textbook
Developed by the Modicon company (the original manufacturer of the Programmable Logic Controller, or PLC) in…
Textbook
Cyber-security seems to have its own vocabulary, ranging from unwieldy technical acronyms to slang terms…
Textbook
Much of our knowledge about atomic structure comes from experimental data relating the interaction between…
Textbook
A variety of technologies exist to measure the quantity of stored material in a vessel. For liquid…
Textbook
The concepts of calibration (trimming) and ranging are often difficult for new students of instrumentation to…
Textbook
Cyber-security seems to have its own vocabulary, ranging from unwieldy technical acronyms to slang terms…
Textbook
Imagine a major marathon race, where hundreds of runners gather in one place to compete. When the starting gun…
Textbook
Any power grid large enough to meet the demand of an entire nation must have multiple generators drawing from…
Textbook
Imagine a liquid-level control system for a vessel, where the position of a level-sensing float sets the…
Textbook
A completely different way of measuring liquid level in vessels is to bounce a traveling wave off the surface…
Textbook
Steam boilers are very common in industry, principally because steam power is so useful. Common uses for steam…
Textbook
There are several different methods useful for causing an AC induction motor to brake, or slow down: DC…
Textbook
A positive displacement flowmeter is a cyclic mechanism built to pass a fixed volume of fluid through with…
Textbook
There is much to be said for neatness of assembly in electrical signal wiring. Even though the electrons…
Textbook
The simplest form of 4-20 mA current loop is the type used to represent the output of a process controller,…
Textbook
One of the simplest classes of temperature sensor is one where temperature effects a change in electrical…
Textbook
A simple control system drawn in block diagram form looks like this: Information from the measuring device…
Textbook
A chemical reaction resulting in a net release of energy is called exothermic. Conversely, a chemical reaction…
Textbook
Although analog electronic process controllers are considered a newer technology than pneumatic process…
Textbook
I remember first learning about the world-wide Internet, and wondering what it actually looked like. The first…
Textbook
Visualizing the actions of P, I, and D tuning parameters using graphs is extremely useful in predicting the…
Textbook
The very purpose of physics is to quantitatively describe and explain the physical world in as few terms as…
Textbook
Facebook
Google
GitHub
Linkedin