Perhaps the most important rule of controller tuning is to know the…
To show a practical process example, let’s examine three…
Disconnect Switches Disconnects are switches designed to isolate…
So far we have just looked at instruments that sense, control, and…
As previously defined, calibration refers to the checking and…
To better understand the design and operation of self-balancing…
A sliding-stem valve body is one where the moving parts slide with a…
A simple control system drawn in block diagram form looks like this:…
A fluid is any substance having the ability to flow: to freely change…
As discussed at the beginning of this chapter, instrumentation safety…
A damper (otherwise known as a louvre) is a multi-element flow control…
Given the ability of pressurized fluids to transmit force over long…
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License By…
Multiple accessories exist for pressure-sensing devices to function…
Fluid pressure exerts force on any surface area it contacts, as…
Imagine a major marathon race, where hundreds of runners gather in one…
Those familiar with industrial instrumentation will find much within…
In some process applications, it is important that the control valve…
Abdelaziz, Ahmed (June 2014) Identified numerous typographical errors…
A machine in the broad sense of the word is any device designed to…
The reason why a pneumatic control valve’s stem position…
Fieldbus devices require far more attention in their initial setup and…
In this section I will show screenshots from a process loop simulation…
Using filter cells to eliminate wavelengths associated with…
Sample sizes of chemical substances are often measured in moles. One…
Most of these formulae appear in molecular chemical form rather than…
All masses require force to accelerate (we can also think of this in…
Stoichiometry is the accounting of atoms before and after a chemical…
As discussed at the beginning of this chapter, instrumentation safety…
Perhaps the most important rule to obey when using pneumatic…
A completely different way of measuring liquid level in vessels is to…
Suppose we wished to measure the consumption of propane over time for…
Any conductor possesses a characteristic called inductance: the…
Converting between disparate units of measurement is the bane of many…
Finally, we arrive at the loop diagram (sometimes called a loop sheet)…
The very purpose of physics is to quantitatively describe and explain…
A laser is a light source emitting waves of light that not only…
A variety of technologies exist to measure the quantity of stored…
A vertical column of fluid generates a pressure at the bottom of the…
A chemical reaction resulting in a net release of energy is called…
