“Polyphase” means “many phases,” describing a form of AC electrical system where…
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Imagine a liquid-level control system for a vessel, where the position of a level-sensing float directly sets…
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The disadvantages of pneumatic instruments are painfully evident to anyone familiar with both pneumatic and…
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The following collection of photographs chronicles the complete disassembly of a Fisher E-body globe valve…
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Certain types of nuclear radiation easily penetrates the walls of industrial vessels, but is attenuated by…
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A Safety Instrumented Function, or SIF, is one or more components designed to execute a specific…
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Recall that an exothermic chemical reaction is one that releases a net sum of energy, as opposed to an…
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Data-processing modules within FF systems are known as function blocks. Sometimes these blocks serve merely to…
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Disconnect Switches Disconnects are switches designed to isolate sections of a power system in case of damage…
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Although analog electronic process controllers are considered a newer technology than pneumatic process…
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Pipe is a hollow structure designed to provide an enclosed pathway for fluids to flow, usually manufactured…
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The dispersion of visible light into its constituent colors goes all the way back to the 17th century with…
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Perhaps the simplest form of solid or liquid level measurement is with a float: a device that rides on the…
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A wise PLC programmer once told me that the first thing any aspiring programmer should learn about the PLC…
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Control strategies such as cascade, ratio, feedforward, and those containing limit and selector functions can…
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In reliability engineering, it is important to be able to quantity the reliability (or conversely, the…
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Lipták, Béla G. et al., Instrument Engineers’ Handbook – Process Measurement and Analysis Volume I,…
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Current is the name we give to the motion of electric charges from a point of high potential to a point of low…
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Area refers to the size of two-dimensional surface. Volume refers to the size of a three-dimensional space. To…
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To review, voltage is the measure of potential energy available to electric charges. Current is the uniform…
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