Once while working as an instrument technician in an aluminum foundry,…
Few areas of mathematics are as powerfully useful in describing and…
One of the marks of a successful problem-solver is a habit of applying…
A powerful mathematical concept useful for analyzing practically any…
To review, voltage is the measure of potential energy available to…
The Law of Mass Conservation states that matter can neither be created…
One of the simplest classes of temperature sensor is one where…
Hydrogen ion activity in aqueous (water-solvent) solutions is a very…
Circuit breakers used in residential, commercial, and light industrial…
An electric motor is often used as a discrete control element in a…
A special type flowmeter suited for powdered or granular solids is the…
Some self-powered (4-wire) analog electronic transmitters are designed…
All substances are comprised of various elements in various…
Stoichiometry is the accounting of atoms before and after a chemical…
The next level of detail is the Process and Instrument Diagram, or…
By definition, a source is a device delivering energy into a system,…
So far we have just looked at instruments that sense, control, and…
A vertical column of fluid generates a pressure at the bottom of the…
Constructing PID control systems using discrete components is a…
The following animation shows a rotating phasor in three-dimensional…
