In order for any PID controller to be practical, it must be able to do…
The simplest form of 4-20 mA current loop is the type used to…
Much has been written about the benefits of robust PID control.…
In this section I will show screenshots from a process loop simulation…
Volumes could be written about poor diagnostic technique. The…
Some problem-solving techniques are unique to quantitative problems,…
Modern analog-to-digital converters are phenomenally accurate,…
(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
Filled-bulb systems exploit the principle of fluid expansion to…
“Radio” systems use electromagnetic fields to communicate…
The vast majority of modern process transmitters (both analog and…
As discussed at the beginning of this chapter, instrumentation safety…
The most popular form of signal transmission used in modern industrial…
Modern DC and AC motor drives provide features useful when using…
Using filter cells to eliminate wavelengths associated with…
The final element of PID control is the “D” term, which…
A hand switch is exactly what the name implies: an electrical switch…
Sample sizes of chemical substances are often measured in moles. One…
In contrast to quantitative tuning procedures where definite numerical…
The electrical conductivity of liquids is an important analytical…
Abdelaziz, Ahmed (June 2014) Identified numerous typographical errors…
Perhaps the most important rule of controller tuning is to know the…
A variety of technologies exist to measure the quantity of stored…
A fluid is any substance having the ability to flow: to freely change…
There is much to be said for neatness of assembly in electrical signal…
Resistance (\(R\)) is the dissipative opposition to an electric…
A great many chemical composition measurements may be made indirectly…
“Polyphase” means “many phases,” describing a…
Circuit breakers used in residential, commercial, and light industrial…
The very purpose of physics is to quantitatively describe and explain…
A special type flowmeter suited for powdered or granular solids is the…
In some process applications, it is important that the control valve…
A temperature switch is one detecting the temperature of some…
Perhaps the most important rule to obey when using pneumatic…
Steam boilers are very common in industry, principally because steam…
A control strategy similar to ratio control is relation control. This…
As defined previously, calibration means the comparison and adjustment…
As we have seen, feedforward control is a way to improve the stability…
Negative feedback systems, in general, tend to cause much confusion…
Every flow-measuring instrument exploits a physical principle to…
The disadvantages of pneumatic instruments are painfully evident to…
Phasors are to AC circuit quantities as polarity is to DC circuit…
Fluid pressure exerts force on any surface area it contacts, as…
Abdelaziz, Ahmed (June 2014) Identified numerous typographical errors…
