Much has been written about the benefits of robust PID control.…
The simplest form of 4-20 mA current loop is the type used to…
In this section I will show screenshots from a process loop simulation…
In order for any PID controller to be practical, it must be able to do…
The concepts of calibration (trimming) and ranging are often difficult…
A much simpler alternative to continuous vibration sensors…
Classical mechanics (often called Newtonian mechanics in honor of…
Current is the name we give to the motion of electric charges from a…
A variety of technologies exist to measure the quantity of stored…
The Law of Continuity for fluids states that the product of mass…
All masses require force to accelerate (we can also think of this in…
Area refers to the size of two-dimensional surface. Volume refers to…
In some process applications, it is important that the control valve…
Resistance (\(R\)) is the dissipative opposition to an electric…
Feedback obtained from industrial users of FF reveal a common pattern:…
Measuring the flow rate of liquid through an open channel is not…
The Law of Mass Conservation states that matter can neither be created…
Several different technologies exist for the conversion of fluid…
Many traditional flowmeter technologies respond to the volumetric flow…
A design-based fortification is one rooted in technical details of…
A number of different sensors used in instrumentation generate DC…
Take for instance the problem of measuring fluid flow through a pipe.…
Non-dispersive analysis, while newer in discovery than dispersive…
Another category of control strategies involves the use of signal…
Although it seems each model of PLC has its own idiosyncratic standard…
It is possible to convey electrical power and communicate analog…
An on/off valve is the fluid equivalent of an electrical switch: a…
A whole class of problem-solving techniques focuses on altering the…
(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
The electrical conductivity of liquids is an important analytical…
Suppose we wished to measure the consumption of propane over time for…
A technological advance introduced in the late 1980’s was HART,…
The majority of flowmeter technologies operate on the principle of…
The efficient identification and correction of instrument calibration…
A damper (otherwise known as a louvre) is a multi-element flow control…
A Safety Instrumented Function, or SIF, is one or more components…
Labwork is an essential part of any science-based curriculum. Here,…
A much simpler alternative to continuous vibration sensors…
A variety of technologies exist to measure the quantity of stored…
Temperature measurement devices may be classified into two broad…
The key to understanding how three-phase electric motors work is to…
An exciting development in industrial instrumentation is the…
Steam boilers are very common in industry, principally because steam…
A control strategy similar to ratio control is relation control. This…
