Those familiar with industrial instrumentation will find much within the electric power industry remarkably…
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Volumes could be written about poor diagnostic technique. The following mistakes are not intended to comprise…
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The reason why a pneumatic control valve’s stem position corresponds linearly to the amount of air…
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A different strategy for controlling the flow of fluid is to insert a rotary element into the flow path.…
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Regardless of valve type, all stem-actuated control valves require some form of seal allowing motion of the…
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Feedback obtained from industrial users of FF reveal a common pattern: Fieldbus is a powerful and reliable…
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Any power grid large enough to meet the demand of an entire nation must have multiple generators drawing from…
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There are several different methods useful for causing an AC induction motor to brake, or slow down: DC…
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Control valves are supposed to deliver reliable, repeatable control of process fluid flow rate over a wide…
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A very common form of on/off valve used for pneumatic and hydraulic systems alike is the solenoid valve. A…
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Binary patterns are not just able to represent numerical values. Given a standardized code, they may represent…
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So far we have just looked at instruments that sense, control, and influence process variables. Transmitters,…
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(Will be addressed in future versions of this book)
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As we have seen, the concept of integration is finding the accumulation of one variable multiplied by another…
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One of the simplest classes of temperature sensor is one where temperature effects a change in electrical…
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A pneumatic controller receives a process variable (PV) signal as a variable air pressure, compares that…
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Modern analog-to-digital converters are phenomenally accurate, dependable, repeatable, and surprisingly…
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The fundamental principle of electromagnetism is that an electric current will create a magnetic field at…
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Linearity of Measurement Instruments The purpose of calibration is to ensure the input and output of an…
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An electric motor is often used as a discrete control element in a control system if driving a pump, conveyor…
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